| [hide]States that provide for initiated constitutional amendments | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Type | Constitutional provision | Signature number requirement | Vote requirement |
| Arizona | Direct | Article 21, Section 1 of Arizona Constitution | 15% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | 60% for tax increase-related measures; Simple majority for other initiated constitutional amendments |
| Arkansas | Direct | Article 5, Section 1 of Arkansas Constitution | 10% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| California | Direct | Article 2, Section 8 of California Constitution | 8% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Colorado | Direct | Article 5, Section 1 of Colorado Constitution | 5% of votes cast in the last secretary of state election | 55% for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Florida | Direct | Article 11, Section 3 of Florida Constitution | 8% of votes cast in the last presidential election | 60% for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Illinois | Direct | Article 14, Section 3 of Illinois Constitution | 8% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | 60% for initiated constitutional amendments or a simple majority (50%+1) of total ballots cast |
| Massachusetts | Indirect | Article 48 of Massachusetts Constitution | 3% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments provided that the number of votes cast on the initiative is equal to at least 30% of total ballots cast |
| Michigan | Direct | Article 12, Section 2 of Michigan Constitution | 10% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Mississippi | Indirect | Article 15, Section 273 of Mississippi Constitution | 12% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments provided that the number of votes cast on the initiative is equal to at least 40% of total ballots cast |
| Missouri | Direct | Article 3, Section 49 of Missouri Constitution | 8% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election from each of two-thirds of the state’s congressional districts | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Montana | Direct | Article 14, Section 9 of Montana Constitution | 10% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Nebraska | Direct | Article 3, Section 1 of Nebraska Constitution | 10% of registered voters | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments provided that the number of votes cast on the initiative is equal to at least 35% of total ballots cast |
| Nevada | Direct | Article 19, Section 2 of Nevada Constitution | 10% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments at two successive general elections |
| North Dakota | Direct | Article 3, Section 1 of North Dakota Constitution | 4% of the population at the last census | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Ohio | Direct | Article 2, Section 1a of Ohio Constitution | 10% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Oklahoma | Direct | Article 5, Section 1 of Oklahoma Constitution | 15% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| Oregon | Direct | Article 4, Section 1 of Oregon Constitution | 8% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| South Dakota | Direct | Article 23, Section 1 of South Dakota Constitution | 10% of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election | Simple majority (50%+1) for initiated constitutional amendments |
| States that provide for types of citizen-initiated measures and current signature requirements | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Constitutional | Signatures | Statute | Signatures | Referendum | Signatures | |
| Alaska | No | N/A | Yes | 26,705 | Yes | 26,705 | |
| Arizona | Yes | 383,923 | Yes | 255,949 | Yes | 127,975 | |
| Arkansas | Yes | 90,704 | Yes | 72,563 | Yes | 54,422 | |
| California | Yes | 874,641 | Yes | 546,651 | Yes | 546,651 | |
| Colorado | Yes | 124,238 | Yes | 124,238 | Yes | 124,238 | |
| Florida | Yes | 891,589 | No | N/A | No | N/A | |
| Idaho | No | N/A | Yes | 60,371 | Yes | 60,371 | |
| Illinois | Yes | 328,371 | No | N/A | No | N/A | |
| Maine | No | N/A | Yes | 67,682 | Yes | 67,682 | |
| Maryland | No | N/A | No | N/A | Yes | 60,157 | |
| Massachusetts | Yes | 74,490 | Yes | 74,490 | Yes | 37,245 | |
| Michigan | Yes | 446,198 | Yes | 356,958 | Yes | 223,099 | |
| Mississippi[3] | Yes | 106,190 | No | N/A | No | N/A | |
| Missouri | Yes | 171,592 | Yes | 107,246 | Yes | 107,246 | |
| Montana | Yes | 60,359 | Yes | 30,179 | Yes | 30,179 | |
| Nebraska | Yes | 126,838 | Yes | 88,787 | Yes | 63,419 | |
| New Mexico | No | N/A | No | N/A | Yes | 71,475 | |
| Nevada | Yes | 102,362 | Yes | 135,561 | Yes | 102,362 | |
| North Dakota | Yes | 31,164 | Yes | 15,582 | Yes | 15,582 | |
| Ohio | Yes | 413,488 | Yes | 124,046 | Yes | 248,093 | |
| Oklahoma | Yes | 172,993 | Yes | 92,263 | Yes | 57,664 | |
| Oregon | Yes | 156,231 | Yes | 117,173 | Yes | 78,115 | |
| South Dakota | Yes | 35,017 | Yes | 17,509 | Yes | 17,509 | |
| Utah | No | N/A | Yes | 134,298 | Yes | 134,298 | |
| Washington | No | N/A | Yes | 324,516 | Yes | 162,258 | |
| Wyoming | No | N/A | Yes | 29,730 | Yes | 29,730 | |
| 2020 State Judicial Elections | ||
|---|---|---|
| State | Supreme court | Intermediate appellate court |
| Alabama | 2 seats | 4 seats |
| Alaska | 1 seat | 1 seat |
| Arizona | 3 seats | 11 seats |
| Arkansas | 1 seat | 4 seats |
| Colorado | 2 seats | 2 seats |
| Florida | 1 seat | 25 seats |
| Georgia | 2 seats | 5 seats |
| Idaho | 2 seats | 1 seat |
| Illinois | 3 seats | 10 seats |
| Indiana | 1 seat | 6 seats |
| Iowa | 4 seats | 4 seats |
| Kansas | 1 seat | 5 seats |
| Kentucky | 1 seat | 1 seat |
| Louisiana | 2 seats | 14 seats |
| Maryland | 3 seats | 4 seats |
| Michigan | 2 seats | 11 seats |
| Minnesota | 1 seat | 4 seats |
| Mississippi | 4 seats | 0 |
| Missouri | 1 seat | 6 seats |
| Montana | 2 seats | 0 |
| Nebraska | 2 seats | 2 seats |
| Nevada | 2 seats | 1 seat |
| New Mexico | 2 seats | 4 seats |
| North Carolina | 3 seats | 5 seats |
| North Dakota | 1 seat | 0 |
| Ohio | 2 seats | 21 seats |
| Oklahoma | 5 seats | 3 seats |
| Oregon | 3 seats | 5 seats |
| South Dakota | 1 seat | 0 |
| Tennessee | 0 | 1 seat |
| Texas | 7 seats | 24 seats |
| Utah | 1 seat | 6 seats |
| Washington | 4 seats | 7 seats |
| West Virginia | 3 seats | 0 |
| Wisconsin | 1 seat | 3 seats |
| Wyoming | 2 seats | 0 |
| State | Number of Registered Voters | 2023 Population | Registered Voters | As Of |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 3,628,165 | 5,098,746 | 71.16% | 2022-03-26 |
| Alaska | 594,733 | 732,984 | 81.14% | 2022-02-01 |
| Arizona | 4,351,446 | 7,453,517 | 58.38% | 2022-01-01 |
| Arkansas | 1,774,596 | 3,063,152 | 57.93% | 2021-06-02 |
| California | 22,005,243 | 38,915,693 | 56.55% | 2022-01-04 |
| Colorado | 4,275,199 | 5,868,555 | 72.85% | 2022-02-01 |
| Connecticut | 2,472,466 | 3,629,055 | 68.13% | 2021-10-26 |
| Delaware | 755,560 | 1,031,985 | 73.21% | 2022-03-01 |
| District of Columbia | 518,224 | 674,815 | 76.79% | 2022-02-28 |
| Florida | 14,284,346 | 22,661,577 | 63.03% | 2022-02-28 |
| Georgia | 7,004,034 | 11,037,723 | 63.46% | 2021-12-01 |
| Hawaii | 832,466 | 1,433,238 | 58.08% | 2020-01-01 |
| Idaho | 1,082,417 | 1,973,752 | 54.84% | 2020-11-03 |
| Illinois | 8,722,026 | 12,477,595 | 69.9% | 2022-03-25 |
| Indiana | 4,751,370 | 6,852,542 | 69.34% | 2020-11-03 |
| Iowa | 2,217,485 | 3,203,345 | 69.22% | 2022-03-01 |
| Kansas | 1,915,374 | 2,936,378 | 65.23% | 2022-01-01 |
| Kentucky | 3,553,879 | 4,518,031 | 78.66% | 2022-02-01 |
| Louisiana | 3,014,127 | 4,553,384 | 66.2% | 2022-03-01 |
| Maine | 1,122,517 | 1,393,442 | 80.56% | 2022-02-01 |
| Maryland | 4,135,780 | 6,154,710 | 67.2% | 2022-02-01 |
| Massachusetts | 4,731,940 | 6,974,258 | 67.85% | 2021-02-01 |
| Michigan | 8,091,176 | 10,030,722 | 80.66% | 2022-03-25 |
| Minnesota | 3,562,484 | 5,722,897 | 62.25% | 2022-03-01 |
| Mississippi | 1,985,928 | 2,930,528 | 67.77% | 2020-11-03 |
| Missouri | 4,338,133 | 6,186,091 | 70.13% | 2020-11-03 |
| Montana | 740,098 | 1,139,507 | 64.95% | 2020-11-03 |
| Nebraska | 1,237,077 | 1,972,292 | 62.72% | 2022-03-01 |
| Nevada | 2,109,113 | 3,209,142 | 65.72% | 2022-02-01 |
| New Hampshire | 869,339 | 1,402,957 | 61.96% | 2022-02-01 |
| New Jersey | 6,603,125 | 9,255,437 | 71.34% | 2022-03-01 |
| New Mexico | 1,343,716 | 2,110,011 | 63.68% | 2022-02-01 |
| New York | 12,982,819 | 19,496,810 | 66.59% | 2022-02-21 |
| North Carolina | 7,264,266 | 10,832,061 | 67.06% | 2022-03-26 |
| North Dakota | 581,379 | 780,588 | 74.48% | 2020-11-03 |
| Ohio | 7,774,767 | 11,747,774 | 66.18% | 2020-03-17 |
| Oklahoma | 2,218,374 | 4,048,375 | 54.8% | 2022-01-16 |
| Oregon | 2,967,631 | 4,223,973 | 70.26% | 2022-03-01 |
| Pennsylvania | 8,722,217 | 12,931,957 | 67.45% | 2022-03-26 |
| Rhode Island | 708,718 | 1,090,483 | 64.99% | 2022-03-26 |
| South Carolina | 3,580,156 | 5,372,002 | 66.64% | 2022-01-02 |
| South Dakota | 577,570 | 923,484 | 62.54% | 2022-03-01 |
| Tennessee | 4,261,137 | 7,134,327 | 59.73% | 2020-12-01 |
| Texas | 15,944,184 | 30,500,280 | 52.28% | 2022-03-01 |
| Utah | 1,870,136 | 3,422,487 | 54.64% | 2022-02-28 |
| Vermont | 494,272 | 647,156 | 76.38% | 2022-02-01 |
| Virginia | 6,012,426 | 8,709,873 | 69.03% | 2022-02-01 |
| Washington | 4,814,675 | 7,830,827 | 61.48% | 2022-01-01 |
| West Virginia | 1,128,624 | 1,764,786 | 63.95% | 2022-02-01 |
| Wisconsin | 3,478,805 | 5,904,977 | 58.91% | 2022-03-01 |
| Wyoming | 280,489 | 583,279 | 48.09% | 2022-03-01 |
| United States | 214,286,227 | 64.05% |
The Native Party Trust 